Music therapy enhances executive functions and prefrontal structural neuroplasticity after traumatic brain injury: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial

Sini-Tuuli Siponkoski, Noelia Martinez Molina, Linda Kuusela, Sari Laitinen, Milla Holma, Mirja Ahlfors, Päivi Jordan-Kilkki, Katja Ala-Kauhaluoma, Susanna Melkas, Johanna Pekkola, Antoni Rodriguez-Fornells, Matti Laine, Aarne Ylinen, Pekka Rantanen, Sanna Koskinen, Jari Lipsanen, Teppo Särkämö

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleScientificpeer-review

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes lifelong cognitive deficits, particularly impairments of executive functioning (EF). Musical training and music-based rehabilitation have been shown to enhance cognitive functioning and neuroplasticity, but the potential rehabilitative effects of music in TBI are still largely unknown. The aim of the present crossover randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to determine the clinical efficacy of music therapy on cognitive functioning in TBI and to explore its neural basis. Using an AB/BA design, 40 patients with moderate or severe TBI were randomized to receive a 3-month neurological music therapy intervention either during the first (AB, n = 20) or second (BA, n = 20) half of a 6-month follow-up period. Neuropsychological and motor testing and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed at baseline and at the 3-month and 6-month stage. Thirty-nine subjects who participated in baseline measurement were included in an intention-to-treat analysis using multiple imputation. Results showed that general EF (as indicated by the Frontal Assessment Battery [FAB]) and set shifting improved more in the AB group than in the BA group over the first 3-month period and the effect on general EF was maintained in the 6-month follow-up. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis of the structural MRI data indicated that gray matter volume (GMV) in the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) increased significantly in both groups during the intervention versus control period, which also correlated with cognitive improvement in set shifting. These findings suggest that neurological music therapy enhances EF and induces fine-grained neuroanatomical changes in prefrontal areas
Original languageEnglish
JournalJournal of Neurotrauma
Volume37
Issue number4
Pages (from-to)618-634
Number of pages17
ISSN0897-7151
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 15 Feb 2020
MoE publication typeA1 Journal article-refereed

Fields of Science

  • 515 Psychology
  • 6162 Cognitive science
  • 6131 Theatre, dance, music, other performing arts
  • 3124 Neurology and psychiatry
  • 3112 Neurosciences

Cite this