Pharmacokinetic aspects of retinal drug delivery

Eva M. del Amo, Anna-Kaisa Irmeli Rimpelä, Emma Heikkinen, Otto K. Kari, Eva Ramsay, Tatu Lajunen, Mechthild Schmitt, Laura Pelkonen, Madhushree Bhattacharya, Dominique Richardson, Astrid Subrizi, Tiina Turunen, Mika Reinisalo, Jaakko Itkonen, Elisa Toropainen, Marco G. Casteleijn, Heidi Kidron, Maxim Antopolsky, Kati-Sisko Vellonen, Marika RuponenArto Urtti

Research output: Contribution to journalReview Articlepeer-review

Abstract

Drug delivery to the posterior eye segment is an important challenge in ophthalmology, because many diseases affect the retina and choroid leading to impaired vision or blindness. Currently, intravitreal injections are the method of choice to administer drugs to the retina, but this approach is applicable only in selected cases (e.g. anti-VEGF antibodies and soluble receptors). There are two basic approaches that can be adopted to improve retinal drug delivery: prolonged and/or retina targeted delivery of intravitreal drugs and use of other routes of drug administration, such as periocular, suprachoroidal, sub-retinal, systemic, or topical. Properties of the administration route, drug and delivery system determine the efficacy and safety of these approaches. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic factors determine the required dosing rates and doses that are needed for drug action. In addition, tolerability factors limit the use of many materials in ocular drug delivery. This review article provides a critical discussion of retinal drug delivery, particularly from the pharmacokinetic point of view. This article does not include an extensive review of drug delivery technologies, because they have already been reviewed several times recently. Instead, we aim to provide a systematic and quantitative view on the pharmacokinetic factors in drug delivery to the posterior eye segment. This review is based on the literature and unpublished data from the authors' laboratory.
Original languageEnglish
JournalProgress in Retinal and Eye Research
Volume57
Pages (from-to)134-185
Number of pages52
ISSN1350-9462
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Mar 2017
MoE publication typeA2 Review article in a scientific journal

Fields of Science

  • 317 Pharmacy
  • 3125 Otorhinolaryngology, ophthalmology
  • Retina
  • Vitreous
  • Choroid
  • Topical
  • Intravitreal
  • Sub-conjunctival
  • Suprachoroidal
  • Clearance
  • Distribution
  • Pharmacokinetic modeling
  • Transport
  • ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR
  • PIGMENT EPITHELIAL-CELLS
  • DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA
  • SINGLE INTRAVITREAL INJECTION
  • BLOOD-AQUEOUS BARRIER
  • NEONATAL FC-RECEPTOR
  • HUMAN VITREOUS-HUMOR
  • COMPLEMENT REGULATORY PROTEINS
  • SERUM-ALBUMIN NANOPARTICLE S
  • LEBERS CONGENITAL AMAUROSIS

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