Az idegenforgalom környezettörténete a hidegháborús Magyarországon és Jugoszláviában

As the most market-oriented states of Cold-War Eastern Europe, both Yugoslavia
and Hungary considered fast industrialization and urbanization the key to attain
the much-coveted Socialist modernity. By the 1960s, both state socialist regimes
recognized and exploited the opportunities of nascent mass tourism. Tourism
developers, whose concepts were based on “scenic” and “idyllic” regions such as
Lake Balaton and the Kvarner Gulf, faced two dilemmas about the natural environment in these regions. On the one hand, the negative effects of mass tourism
risked the destruction of the natural resources themselves, on the other hand,
the parallel operation of automated agriculture, industry, and tourism raised
many problems on account of the inevitable conflicts of interests and other tensions between them. The study analyses and compares the changes of natural
environment in the Balaton region and in the Kvarner Gulf during the decades of the Cold War. The authors examine how the state socialist governments
of Hungary and Yugoslavia strove to strike a balance between the development
needs of industry, agriculture, and tourism, and to avoid the negative environ-
mental effects and conflicts brought on by the latter.