@article{450d37c374f9435eb47cd19c8017f4bc,
title = "Carbon mineral storage in seawater: Ikaite (CaCO 3 ·6H 2 O) columns in Greenland",
abstract = " The marine Ikka Fjord in Greenland is well known for its remarkable submarine columns made of the cold-carbonate ikaite (CaCO 3 ·6H 2 O). Here, natural processes lead to fast-precipitating ikaite at low temperatures (< 10°C) when carbonate-bearing groundwater seeps through fractures in Ikka Fjord and mixes with seawater. Within an area of 0.75 km 2 , 678 columns of 1 - 20 meters height have been registered, continuously growing at rates measured at 50 cm per year. Understanding this natural system is of importance for carbon capture and storage efforts as it represents a very efficient method for carbon mineral storage in cold seawater. ",
keywords = "biofilm, calcite inhibitors, carbon mineral storage, cyanobacteria, Ikaite, low temperature, seawater",
author = "Stockmann, {Gabrielle J.} and Eemu Ranta and Erik Trampe and Erik Sturkell and Paul Seaman",
note = "Funding Information: We would like to acknowledge and thank the Bolin Centre for Climate Research and Stockholm University in Sweden, “Kommisionen for Videnskabelige Unders{\o}gelser i Gr{\o}nland” (KVUG) and a grant from the Danish Council for Independent Research (DFF), and an Elite Researcher travel stipend from DFF in Denmark, the University of Helsinki in Finland, and Imperial College, London in United Kingdom for their financial support to research projects related to Ikka Fjord and the ikaite columns. Furthermore, we would like to thank all co-workers from the University of Copenhagen, Imperial College in London, Stockholm University and other collaborating institutions, and not least all the divers who have been helping us doing research in Ikka Fjord. In addition, we are most grateful for the logistical support we have received throughout the years from Gr{\o}nlands Kommando in Gr{\o}nnedal (GLK, now Joint Arctic Command) and Ivittuut Kommune. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.; 2018 International Carbon Conference, ICC 2018 ; Conference date: 10-09-2018 Through 14-09-2018",
year = "2018",
doi = "10.1016/j.egypro.2018.07.009",
language = "English",
volume = "146",
pages = "59--67",
journal = "Energy Procedia",
issn = "1876-6102",
publisher = "Elsevier Ltd. ",
}