Abstrakti
Purpose The research of growth factors (GFs) production has been dominated by the use of precision fermentation method, albeit with limited economic success. A promising alternative strategy is this study, the use of plant molecular farming (PMF) method, with the aid of genetically engineered barley plant as host to express recombinant protein gene for the production of growth factors of interest at a low cost with high scalability. The goal of this study was to assess the environmental performance of insulin-like growth factorIGF-1 LR3 production via vertical and open field farming situated in the Iceland and Canada respectively.
Methods Attributional life cycle assessment (aLCA) was conducted on a bench-scale production using plant molecular farming method to coproduce IGF-1, straw, barley bran(β-D-glucan) and bioactive soluble phenolic compounds with a functional unit of 1 mg of IGF-1. A total of 2 scenarios were modelled, with consistency in product management methodology (economic and mass allocation) and applied two different energy mix (Iceland and Canada electricity mixes) before alternative source of energy optimization was considered. Sensitivity analysis was also conducted, evaluating the systems response to changes in input and distance applied. LCA calculations were performed using OpenLCA (version 2.1.1) software, with foreground system using inventory data from the literature and start-ups biotech company, as they represent novel processes not readily available in ecoinvent. Environmental impacts were quantified under ReCiPe methodology at the midpoint level, from the ‘Heirarchist’ (H) perspective and Cumulative energy demand (CED).
Results and discussion A comparison between the IGF-1 production systems showed that molecular farming method performed best when considering global warming (between 23-24% better), Freshwater eutrophication(between 77-78.67% better), fine particulate matter (60.55% better), land use (15.93% better) and Terrestrial acidification (between 7- 8.08% better) impact categories, except for land use, water use and stratospheric ozone depletion had higher values due to field cultivation and hydroponic systems of the vertical farming system. The sensitivity analysis suggests that the conclusions drawn are robust as in the majority of 1,000 Monte Carlo runs the initial results are confirmed.
Conclusions: It is suggested that IGF-1 produced through plant molecular farming is an alternative protein source of comparatively low environmental impact that should play a role in the future IGF-1 transition, in particular when further process improvements can be implemented and more renewable or waste energy sources will be employed.
Methods Attributional life cycle assessment (aLCA) was conducted on a bench-scale production using plant molecular farming method to coproduce IGF-1, straw, barley bran(β-D-glucan) and bioactive soluble phenolic compounds with a functional unit of 1 mg of IGF-1. A total of 2 scenarios were modelled, with consistency in product management methodology (economic and mass allocation) and applied two different energy mix (Iceland and Canada electricity mixes) before alternative source of energy optimization was considered. Sensitivity analysis was also conducted, evaluating the systems response to changes in input and distance applied. LCA calculations were performed using OpenLCA (version 2.1.1) software, with foreground system using inventory data from the literature and start-ups biotech company, as they represent novel processes not readily available in ecoinvent. Environmental impacts were quantified under ReCiPe methodology at the midpoint level, from the ‘Heirarchist’ (H) perspective and Cumulative energy demand (CED).
Results and discussion A comparison between the IGF-1 production systems showed that molecular farming method performed best when considering global warming (between 23-24% better), Freshwater eutrophication(between 77-78.67% better), fine particulate matter (60.55% better), land use (15.93% better) and Terrestrial acidification (between 7- 8.08% better) impact categories, except for land use, water use and stratospheric ozone depletion had higher values due to field cultivation and hydroponic systems of the vertical farming system. The sensitivity analysis suggests that the conclusions drawn are robust as in the majority of 1,000 Monte Carlo runs the initial results are confirmed.
Conclusions: It is suggested that IGF-1 produced through plant molecular farming is an alternative protein source of comparatively low environmental impact that should play a role in the future IGF-1 transition, in particular when further process improvements can be implemented and more renewable or waste energy sources will be employed.
Alkuperäiskieli | englanti |
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Sivut | 442-444 |
Sivumäärä | 442 |
Tila | Julkaistu - 11 syysk. 2024 |
OKM-julkaisutyyppi | Ei sovellu |
Tapahtuma | LCA Food International Conference (LCA Food 2024) - University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Espanja Kesto: 8 syysk. 2024 → 12 syysk. 2024 Konferenssinumero: 14th https://www.lcafood2024.com/ |
Konferenssi
Konferenssi | LCA Food International Conference (LCA Food 2024) |
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Maa/Alue | Espanja |
Kaupunki | Barcelona |
Ajanjakso | 08/09/2024 → 12/09/2024 |
www-osoite |
Tieteenalat
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